How To Select Right Disc Spring?
What Is Disc Spring?
Disc spring is named for its shape like a bowl or dish. It is composed of four parameters, which include outer diameter (D), inner diameter (d), thickness (t) and height (H). It is a washer type spring with truncated conical section made of metal sheet or forging blank.
Principle Of Disc Spring
The disc spring is a conical annular disc bearing axial load. Generally, the disc thickness is constant, and the load is evenly distributed on the inner edge of the upper surface and the outer edge of the lower surface. It is made of spring steel, which can withstand static load, impact load or dynamic alternating load and can meet the strict requirements of fatigue life.
Types Of The Disc Spring
Disc spring can be divided into anti-loose disc spring, high-temperature preloaded disc spring, high-torque preloaded disc spring and buffered tension disc spring, according to its applications.
Anti-loose disc spring
It can be applied to bolts with not too large load but severe vibration. Anti-loose disc spring can effectively prevent bolts from loosening and reversing. It can play the locking function, compensating the preload, and ensure the lasting and reliable sealing. It has good versatility for bolts and equipment.
High temperature preloading disc spring
It is applicable to bolt preloading of various flanges under high temperature environment, various pipe flanges, valves and heat exchangers. It is used for pre-tightening of flange bolts of reaction kettle, agitator, pump, centrifuge, etc. High-temperature preloaded disc spring is especially used at bolted joints with temperature difference of more than 100°C.
High torque preloading disc spring
The high torque preloading disc spring is applied to the occasions of large load and high torque. It is used for pre-tightening of valve and pipe flange bolts. It is used for the pre-tightening of anchor bolts and flanges of fans, pumps and centrifuges, heat exchanger, reactor and agitator, generator, pipe support and hanger device,various other engineering applications of buffer device, brake device, high-voltage cable compensation device and other equipment.
Buffer tension disc spring
The buffer tension disc spring is widely used in large equipment of various industries, such as brakes, safety overload devices, mechanical starters, industrial furnaces, clutches, molds, etc.
Advantages Of Disc Spring Compared With Other Springs
1. Disc spring bears great load in a small space.
Compared with other types of springs, the deformation energy per unit volume of disc springs is larger. It has good cushioning and shock absorption capacity, especially when the composite combination is used, the effect of absorbing impact and dissipating energy is more significant due to the effect of surface friction resistance.
2. Disc spring has variable stiffness characteristics.
By changing the ratio of the height of the inner cone in the disc to the thickness of the disc, different spring characteristic curves can be obtained, which can be linear, incremental, decreasing or their combination. In addition, the variable stiffness characteristics can also be obtained by different combinations of discs with different thickness or different number of discs.
3. Disc spring can obtain different bearing capacity
Different bearing capacity can be obtained by changing the number of discs or the combination form of discs, so each size of disc can adapt to a wide range of applications, which makes the preparation and management of spare parts easier.
4. Disc spring has a long service life
The disc spring correctly designed and manufactured, has a long service life.
Because of these advantages, disc springs are often used as strong cushioning and shock absorption devices in heavy machinery, aircraft, artillery and other machinery or weapons. It is also a pressing device in clutch, safety valve, pressure reducing valve, etc.
How To Select Disc spring
The main design parameters of the disc spring in use include load size, load characteristics, corrosivity of the medium, working temperature, pressure pulse increment during preload failure, preload deformation allowed by the equipment to resist damage.
Dimension
The specific dimension elements of each product are specified in international standards. Main dimensions include outer diameter D, inner diameter d, thickness t, free height H, etc.
Temperature
According to the working characteristics and material characteristics, the disc spring is mainly divided into four temperature ranges: normal temperature, 150°C, 300°C and 600°C.
State
The working state of the equipment, such as pre-tightening, stroke, vibration, pulse pressure frequency, frequency spectrum, pre-tightening force and other factors.
Medium
The working environment often has clear requirements for the selection of disc springs. The main factors include the corrosivity of the medium, PH value, etc.
Pressure
Different working pressure of pipes will produce different pulse pressure and thermal expansion and contraction, so it is necessary to judge the selection scheme of disc spring.
Summary
Disc spring is used more and more widely, with its high permanence. It has the advantages of , small deformation, large loading capacity, high spatial utilization rate, low maintenance and long service life.
